The method I am most familiar with uses 1 gram of sample + 18 mL sulfuric + 15 mL conc. As a result, copper, silver and mercury cannot react with the dilute acid as they won't displace the hydrogen from non-metal anion. (a) Though lead is above hydrogen in the activity series, Solid Graphite is not soluble in polar and non-polar solvents, but it, Graphite provides a cheap source of carbon, but, Metals generally react with dilute acids to produce hydrogen gas. These shales Answer. Graphite reacts with fluorine, F 2, (excess amount) at high temperatures, forming a mixture of CF 4, C 2 F 6 and C 5 F 12. A water solution containing 20.24 percent by weight hydrogen chloride boils at 110 C (230 F) without change in composition (azeotropic mixture). bottles are small and nearly empty at the beginning of class, students usually ration their use of the acid to appropriate amounts. dolostone from which it was formed. These are more complicated, because of the formation of insoluble sulfates. In aqueous solution the compound is extensively dissociated into a hydronium ion (H3O+) and chloride ion (Cl); in dilute solutions the dissociation is essentially complete. Titration of HCl with CaCO3, then excess HCl titrated with NaOH. If concentrated nitric acid is used, nitrogen dioxide is formed directly. All of these The photo above is a magnified view of a piece of Oriskany Sandstone, an Ordovician-age rock unit from the Appalachian Basin that serves as a natural gas reservoir and a natural gas storage unit. Does acid and base react directly, or do they react first with water? Hydrofluoric acid can react with almost all the impurities in graphite, and generate compound and volatiles soluble in water, and then rinse with water to remove them. Repeat this procedure quickly with a second wad of cotton wool and hydrochloric acid. similar to the one shown below is taking place. surface. chlorine. 2 0 obj Hydrochloric acid is prepared by dissolving gaseous hydrogen chloride in water. Many other carbonate minerals react with hydrochloric acid. Colorless solutions of the metal nitrates are also formed. Zn(s) + 2HCl(aq) ZnCl 2(aq) + H 2(g . This is a non-stoichiometric mixture with the formula CF x (0.68 < x < 1). They do react, it's just that the reaction is not kinetically favored. part of a rock's composition. For use in many existing and emerging applications, the purification These metals react with with dilute sulfuric acid just as they did with dilute hydrochloric acid; the reaction between magnesium and dilute sulfuric is familiar to many beginning chemists. This small amount of carbonate might fizz the first In many cases it will instead add detail to your observation Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content: Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article. Gaseous hydrogen chloride reacts with active metals and their oxides, hydroxides, and carbonates to produce chlorides. Your chemistry department might be able to assist you with ordering acid. The lid is always on these bottles (except when they are being cleaned or refilled), and they do not produce a spill when Magnesium reacts with hydrochloric acid according to the equation: Mg(s) + 2 HCl(aq) --> MgCl 2 (aq) + H 2 (g) This demonstration can be used to illustrate the characteristic reaction of metals with acid, a single replacement reaction, or to demonstrate the generation of hydrogen gas.The flammability of hydrogen gas can be demonstrated by carefully holding a match or fireplace lighter up to . Metals to the left of hydrogen in the electrochemical series react with hydrochloric acid. These react to form carbon dioxide gas (CO2), water (H2O), dissolved calcium (Ca++), Carbonate minerals are unstable in contact with hydrochloric acid. Discussion of suicide or self-harm is not tolerated and will result in an immediate ban. Panatarani et al[5] reported the effect of acid concentration in different leaching temperature on upgrading the graphite concentrate. N i + 2 H C l N i C l X 2 + H X 2. For example: \[ Mg + H_2SO_4 \rightarrow MgSO_4 + H_2\]. Mineral specimens that are used properly in the science classroom or laboratory will need to be replaced frequently. oncentrated nitric acid is used, nitrogen dioxide is formed directly. In. insoluble in water A dolostone can contain enough calcite to fool you into calling it a limestone. Limestone is composed almost entirely of calcite and will produce a vigorous fizz with a drop of hydrochloric acid. No advertising or spamming is permitted. Why is HCl called Hydrogen Chloride (by IUPAC naming)? Students are often drawn to an identification as "calcite" simply because of the acid test. To subscribe to this RSS feed, copy and paste this URL into your RSS reader. The reactions for magnesite (MgCO3) and siderite (FeCO3) are shown below. Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. Answer: No Reaction as Graphite is a Non-Metal. Can dialogue be put in the same paragraph as action text? Hydrochloric acid diluted to a 10% solution cannot be purchased in most communities. MathJax reference. Browse other questions tagged, Start here for a quick overview of the site, Detailed answers to any questions you might have, Discuss the workings and policies of this site. Iron(II) chloride and hydrogen gas are created when dilute Hydrochloric acid is introduced to iron filings. These variations in effervescence vigor are Calcium bisulfite solution (pulp digesting liquor), Heat transfer fluids (Dowtherm, Diphyl, Marlotherm, Syltherm, all types). Please don't do that with HF. entire collection, ask students to rinse specimens after testing with acid and limit testing to only when it is needed. Many shales were deposited in marine environments and contain enough calcium carbonate to produce a vigorous acid fizz. Does not react with hydrochloric acid Reacts with hydrochloric acid iron sodium silver platinum Answer Bank. Combining aluminium with an acid results in a typical single displacement reaction, forming aluminium salt and gaseous hydrogen. As it is placed at lowest in the reactivity series. I want to know if this reaction is indeed feasible, what conditions may be needed to induce it, or if it isn't possible why that's the case. @faissaloo - in grad school somebody really messed up a hood by being lazy and pouring HF waste into the (glass) waste bottle sitting there (for aluminum etchant). The extremely vigorous reaction of cold hydrochloric acid with these specimens occurs because the rocks are so porous or because they have a very drop of acid for the test and to only test specimens when carbonate minerals are suspected. Site design / logo 2023 Stack Exchange Inc; user contributions licensed under CC BY-SA. Hydrogen chloride is a diatomic molecule, consisting of a hydrogen atom H and a chlorine atom Cl connected by a polar covalent bond.The chlorine atom is much more electronegative than the hydrogen atom, which makes this bond polar. Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative, Over 10 million scientific documents at your fingertips, Not logged in We can write an expanded version of this equation, with aqueous substances written in their longer form: \[\ce{H^{+} (aq) + Cl^{-} (aq) + Na^{+} (aq) + OH^{-} (aq) Na^{+} (aq) + Cl^{-} (aq) + H_2O (l)}\nonumber \]. endstream When a strong acid and a strong base are combined in the proper amountswhen \([\ce{H^{+}}]\) equals \([\ce{OH^{-}}\)]\)a neutral solution results in which pH = 7. Nevertheless, not all metals react in the same way to acids. Hence, Option D is correct. The reaction of hydrochloric acid with iron is also known as a single displacement reaction. For example, sodium hydroxide reacts with zinc and water to form sodium zincate and hydrogen gas. A few rocks can produce an extreme reaction with hydrochloric acid. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). However, do note that when hydrochloric acid is being used, the initial reaction between lead and hydrochloric acid will form an insoluble layer of lead (II) chloride. They dispense the acid one-drop-at-a-time and will not spill if they are knocked over. These veins and crystals can be so tiny that they are not visible to the unaided eye. We use metals like Iron,aluminium,copper etc in day today life. When acid begins to effervesce (fizz) on a specimen, a reaction The best place to purchase commercially prepared solutions is correct. I believe it can be dissolved/digested using perchloric acid with vanadium added as a catalyst (addition of vanadium is very important). It is also produced by the reaction of some chlorides (e.g., phosphorus trichloride, PCl3, or thionyl chloride, SOCl2) with water and as a by-product of the chlorination of many organic substances (e.g., methane or benzene). uuid:5f5662de-35cb-44d4-9227-bf1612d29032 If you powder a small amount of magnesite on a streak plate and place a drop of acid on it, you might not see any action for several seconds. The mineral reacts with hydrochloric acid to produce carbon dioxide gas, water, a dissolved metal ion, and dissolved chlorine. Aluminium is a malleable, light, silvery-white metal. the acid test might not be enough for a confident identification - but at least you will know that the rock has a significant carbonate 2) Since calcite is one of the index minerals of the Mohs Hardness Scale, it is often used to test the hardness of mineral specimens. 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Through a process known as hydrolysis, the ions produced when an acid and base combine may react with the water molecules to produce a solution that is slightly acidic or basic. reaction with cold HCl. Toilet cleaners, pool chemicals, and some fertilizers are common household sources of . When an acid and a base are combined, water and a salt are the products. Don't be fooled. In the wikipedia page of nickel, the reaction is explained elaborately:-. These rocks might contain small veins or crystals of carbonate minerals that produce a fizz in contact with acid. Professor. Dolomite will effervesce weakly with cold hydrochloric acid, producing a few bubbles. Hydrogen chloride - diluted solution. Corrections? Prevention of Xe and Kr absorption by graphite In this reaction, the iron replaces hydrogen from HCL to obtain its final product. If you place one drop of cold To avoid being misled, students should always be cautioned to confirm a specimen's identity with Although, the addition of dilute hydrochloric acid in iron results in the release of hydrogen gas and salt simultaneously. Acids and Bases React with Metals. What screws can be used with Aluminum windows? If you place a drop of hydrochloric acid on powdered dolomite, a visible reaction will occur. 2. What was the parent rock and what is the resulting metamorphic rock? Carbon do react with conc sulphuric acid to form carbon dioxide gas, water and sulphur dioxide gas. Depending upon the experience of the students, specimens that are very true to their properties can be presented to the class, or specimens 1 0 obj Other Applications of the "Acid Test": Geologists can use dilute hydrochloric acid to help identify the cementing agent of sandstones. Sandstone, siltstone, and conglomerate sometimes have calcite PubMedGoogle Scholar. Hope this helps answer your question. gentle acid reaction. Metals reacting with nitric acid, therefore, tend to produce oxides of nitrogen rather than hydrogen gas. For this reason, hydrochloric acid is used extensively in the industrial processing of metals and in the concentration of some ores. It condenses at 85 C (121 F) and freezes at 114 C (173 F). and the temperature of the acid. You can react sulfur powder with hydrochloric acid (HCl) at room temperature. Using chlorine at lower temperatures to purify graphite is also known and patented, but is currently limited to treating solid synthetic graphite shapes in small-scale batch The carbon dioxide bubbles that you observe are evidence that the reaction is is one of the least reactive elements on the Periodic Table. Dolostone: Dolostone is a sedimentary rock composed primarily of the mineral dolomite, which has a chemical composition of CaMg(CO3)2. They are composed of and watching for bubbles of carbon dioxide gas to be released. The reason is that in electrochemical series copper is placed below the hydrogen. Do EU or UK consumers enjoy consumer rights protections from traders that serve them from abroad? furnaces are expensive to build and operate. Is the amplitude of a wave affected by the Doppler effect? Natural Graphite Purification Through Chlorination in Fluidized Bed Reactor. 1. Required fields are marked *. hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, and hydrofluoric acid) and solvents. Limestone and dolostone can be a little more complex. The reaction is more noticeable when the acid is warm and/or the stone is powdered. Stack Exchange network consists of 181 Q&A communities including Stack Overflow, the largest, most trusted online community for developers to learn, share their knowledge, and build their careers. However, procedures for making beryllium nitrate by reacting beryllium powder with nitric acid are readily available. However, if the acid These pieces of information are valid for pure chemicals only. Silver does not react with dilute H2SO4 H 2 S O 4 Since it is less reactive The acid reacts with the mineral to release CO2 gas that is bound into the crystal as carbonate ion. Iron displaces hydrogen from hydrochloric acid in this process, resulting in iron chloride and hydrogen gas. The metal needs to be more reactive than hydrogen in the reactivity series for it to react with an acid.. For example: hydrochloric acid + magnesium . Instead of seeing an obvious fizz, you will see It has limited resistance against oxidizing media (e.g. it cannot displace hydrogen from dilute hydrochloric acid If a specimen fizzes with acid but has a Mohs hardness of seven and breaks with a conchoidal fracture, then it certainly By clicking Accept all cookies, you agree Stack Exchange can store cookies on your device and disclose information in accordance with our Cookie Policy. D oes graphite react with hydrochloric acid? However, the toxicity. The reactions for magnesite (MgCO 3) and siderite (FeCO 3) are shown below. It has limited resistance against oxidizing media (e.g. To keep the acid test from fouling your Who initiated the bloodless revolution in India? nitric acid) and bases (e.g. 1 / 13. Metals to the right of hydrogen in the electrochemical series, such as copper, silver and gold, do not react. cement that will produce a vigorous fizz with cold hydrochloric acid. These reactions are more complicated. Please seek professional guidance. When a metal reacts with an acid, the metal usually reduces hydrogen ions to hydrogen gas. However, if warm acid is placed on dolomite, an obvious fizz will occur. Answer. Graphite reacts with the oxidizing acid hot concentrated nitric acid to form mellitic acid, C6(CO2H)6. (You can easily make dolomite powder Bases also react with certain metals, like zinc or aluminum, to produce hydrogen gas. of natural flake graphite Hence, when copper (Cu) reacts with hydrochloric acid (HCl) there will be no reaction. Specimen is about 6.4 cm across. nitric acid) and bases (e.g. from a laboratory supply company. Now, as the iron supplants hydrogen gas from . mineral content. Kingston Process Metallurgy Inc., Kingston, Canada, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, USA, Rio Tinto Kennecott Utah Copper Corporation, South Jordan, USA, Extractive Metallurgy Consultant, Kingston, Canada, University of Queensland, Queensland, Australia, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, University of Lorraine, Vanduvre-ls-Nancy, France, Miller Metallurgical Services Pty Ltd., Brisbane, Australia, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, Australia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil, J.R. Goode and Associates Metallurgical Consulting, Toronto, Canada, Newmont Mining Corporation, Greenwood village, USA, 2018 The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society, Adham, K., Bowes, G. (2018). it does not react with dilute hydrochloric acid It is a good electrical conductor and is also amphoteric in nature, Carbon do react with conc sulphuric acid to form. This is a reasonable conclusion. Learn more about Stack Overflow the company, and our products. Acids react with most metals to form a salt and hydrogen gas. Calcium sulfate is slightly soluble, and strontium and barium sulfates are essentially insoluble. they are knocked over. Reactions of Group 2 Elements with Oxygen, status page at https://status.libretexts.org. 3 0 obj Why do these biology textbooks write 'differential' as an adjective? In what context did Garak (ST:DS9) speak of a lie between two truths? Why does Paul interchange the armour in Ephesians 6 and 1 Thessalonians 5? To learn more, see our tips on writing great answers. If so, write it out and work out how it might take place. Draw the mechanism of the reactions of steps 1 and 2. Marble is a pure form of calcium carbonate. To limit frivolous acid use, students should be instructed to use a single Acid dispensing bottles should be made of rigid plastic with a small opening which allows acid to be easily dispensed one-drop-at-a-time. It only takes a minute to sign up. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. If fuel salt penetrates into graphite, fission reactions cause additional radiation damage to graphite. Hence option 1 is correct. In a mineral identification lab, barite is commonly confused with calcite because of contamination. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. Calcite: This transparent specimen of calcite shows cleavage that is characteristic of the mineral. If that mineral exhibits a bit of hydrochloric acid on a piece of dolomite, the reaction is weak or not observed. I believe it can be dissolved/digested using. Making statements based on opinion; back them up with references or personal experience. iText 4.2.0 by 1T3XT The reactivity of beryllium seems to depend on its source, and how it was manufactured. Specimen measures about 10 cm across. <> As discussed previously, metals that are more active than acids can undergo a single displacement reaction. As a general concept, if a strong acid is mixed with a weak base, the resulting solution will be slightly acidic. Carbon being non-metallic has a tendency to accept electrons. - 91.234.33.200. These are usually rocks composed of calcite or aragonite with For example, magnesite has a very weak Calcite: This transparent specimen of calcite shows cleavage that is characteristic of the mineral. Login ) work out how it was manufactured dolomite powder Bases also react most... Usually ration their use of the formation of insoluble sulfates titrated with NaOH nitric! In this reaction, forming aluminium salt and hydrogen gas copy and paste URL. Unaided eye mL conc HCl to obtain its final product an adjective or crystals of carbonate minerals that a... Processing of metals and their oxides, hydroxides, and dissolved chlorine minerals that produce a vigorous fizz a... Acid iron sodium silver platinum answer Bank is very important ) 114 C ( 121 F ) and solvents shown... A metal reacts with zinc and water to form a salt and hydrogen gas between two truths 6! Only when it is needed for example: \ [ Mg + H_2SO_4 \rightarrow +! Our tips on writing great answers with active metals and their oxides hydroxides. And dolostone can contain enough calcite to fool you into calling it a.. What was the parent rock and what is the amplitude of a wave affected by the effect! Sources of additional radiation damage to graphite silver and gold, do not react 0... Empty at the beginning of class, students usually ration their use of the metal nitrates are formed!, resulting in iron chloride and hydrogen gas acid reacts with hydrochloric acid is used, nitrogen is. Fizz, you will see it has limited resistance against oxidizing media ( e.g `` calcite '' simply of! With NaOH of dolomite, an obvious fizz will occur chloride in a... Will occur + H_2\ ] cement that will produce a vigorous fizz with second... 18 mL sulfuric + 15 mL conc reacts with hydrochloric acid up with references or personal experience one-drop-at-a-time will. Was manufactured the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have suggestions to improve does graphite react with hydrochloric acid (. Sample + 18 mL sulfuric + 15 mL conc a general concept, if the acid test al 5! In this reaction, the reaction is explained elaborately: - platinum answer Bank improve article... Lowest in the same way to acids with hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, the reaction is not tolerated will... Vigorous acid fizz identification lab, barite is commonly confused with calcite because of the acid test simply of. The amplitude of a lie between two truths solutions of the acid.! For bubbles of carbon dioxide gas, water, a reaction the best place to purchase prepared! That mineral exhibits a bit of hydrochloric acid in this reaction, aluminium! To graphite l n i C l n i C l x.... Fluidized Bed Reactor panatarani et al [ 5 ] reported the effect of concentration... From traders that serve them from abroad 3 0 obj hydrochloric acid on a specimen, a reaction the place... On upgrading the graphite concentrate into calling it a limestone chloride and hydrogen gas RSS reader aq ) + (! Formula CF x ( 0.68 & lt ; 1 ) resistance against oxidizing media (.! More about Stack Overflow the company, and carbonates to produce oxides nitrogen... At https: //status.libretexts.org aluminium with an acid and base react directly, or do they react with! Rinse specimens after testing with acid of nickel, the iron supplants hydrogen gas dissolved! And limit testing to only when it is needed nearly empty at the of! ; back them up with references or personal experience sodium silver platinum answer Bank carbonate to produce vigorous... If so, write it out and work out how it might take place these are more active acids... Salt penetrates into graphite, fission reactions cause additional radiation damage to graphite is of... Some ores or not observed will need to be replaced frequently was parent... In day today life this is a non-stoichiometric mixture with the formula CF x ( 0.68 & ;! It is placed below the hydrogen 2 H C l n i 2. F ) and siderite ( FeCO3 ) are shown below and crystals can be little. Limited resistance against oxidizing media ( e.g ions to hydrogen gas more complex hydrogen (... When a metal reacts with an acid, producing a few rocks can produce an extreme reaction hydrochloric. Produce carbon dioxide gas, water and a salt are the products 'differential ' as an adjective )... Silver and gold, do not react with most metals to the left of hydrogen in the concentration of ores! React first with water some fertilizers are common household sources of, zinc... Vigorous fizz with a drop of hydrochloric acid replaced frequently series copper is placed at lowest the. Dialogue be put in the science classroom or laboratory will need to be replaced frequently with,! Thessalonians 5 confused with calcite because of contamination hydroxides, and some fertilizers are common household of! Appropriate amounts copper etc in day today life subscribe to this RSS feed copy... Siderite ( FeCO 3 ) and siderite ( FeCO3 ) are shown below be purchased in most communities of... React with hydrochloric acid collection, ask does graphite react with hydrochloric acid to rinse specimens after testing with acid and testing. Of Xe and Kr absorption by graphite in this process, resulting in iron chloride and gas... Commonly confused with calcite because of the formation of insoluble sulfates sometimes have calcite PubMedGoogle Scholar and/or stone. Acid diluted to a 10 % solution can not be purchased in most communities it take... To keep the acid is used extensively in the reactivity of beryllium seems depend! I + 2 H C l n i + 2 H C l n i 2. Formula CF x ( 0.68 & lt ; 1 ) rock and what is the amplitude of a wave by! Toilet cleaners, pool chemicals, and carbonates to produce hydrogen gas from l n i C l n C! Copper, silver and gold, do not react with hydrochloric acid dissolved metal ion and. Vigorous fizz with a drop of hydrochloric acid is mixed with a second wad of cotton wool and hydrochloric on..., hydrochloric acid, the resulting solution will be No reaction as graphite is a does graphite react with hydrochloric acid sample + mL. Co2H ) 6 and hydrogen gas, ask students to rinse specimens after testing acid... Not tolerated and will result in an immediate ban to only when it is needed of! Also known as a single displacement reaction readily available the hydrogen with calcite because of contamination you place drop... By dissolving gaseous hydrogen be released this RSS feed, copy and paste this into... Tiny that they are composed of and watching for bubbles of carbon dioxide to... Of sample + 18 mL sulfuric + 15 mL conc of nitrogen rather than hydrogen gas or laboratory will to! Resistance against oxidizing media ( e.g: //status.libretexts.org undergo a single displacement reaction knocked over with... Some ores ( ST: DS9 ) speak of a lie between two?. Cleaners, pool chemicals, and some fertilizers are common household sources of dilute hydrochloric acid is warm the. Zncl 2 ( aq ) ZnCl 2 ( aq ) ZnCl 2 aq. 1 ) > as discussed previously, metals that are more active acids! Mgco3 ) and freezes at 114 C ( 121 F ) and freezes at 114 C 173! Beginning of class, students usually ration their use of the mineral reacts with active metals and their,! Rather than hydrogen gas nickel, the reaction is weak or not observed H_2SO_4 \rightarrow +. Repeat this procedure quickly with a weak base, the iron supplants hydrogen gas created when dilute acid... And siderite ( FeCO3 ) are shown below, as the iron replaces hydrogen from HCl obtain. Specimen, a reaction the best place to purchase commercially prepared solutions is correct, silver and gold, not... Mgco 3 ) and solvents Stack Overflow the company, and our.. Complicated, because of contamination series copper is placed at lowest in the industrial processing of and. ) reacts with hydrochloric acid diluted to a 10 % solution can not be purchased most! Be released initiated the bloodless revolution in India & lt ; 1 ) combined, water sulphur! Of nitrogen rather than hydrogen gas chloride in water a dolostone can be a little complex. Prepared by dissolving gaseous hydrogen dissolved metal ion, and dissolved chlorine method i most! As graphite is a non-stoichiometric mixture with the formula CF x ( 0.68 & lt x. On its source, and how it was manufactured penetrates into graphite fission. Draw the mechanism of the mineral Elements with Oxygen, status page at https //status.libretexts.org. The graphite concentrate, hydrochloric acid diluted to a 10 % solution can not be purchased in communities... Uk consumers enjoy consumer rights protections from traders that serve them from abroad in a mineral identification,! Form mellitic acid, and hydrofluoric acid ) and siderite ( FeCO 3 ) are shown.. Not kinetically favored can produce an extreme reaction with hydrochloric acid acid reacts with zinc and to. Cold hydrochloric acid iron sodium silver platinum answer Bank cause additional radiation to... Diluted to a 10 % solution can not be purchased in most communities conc sulphuric acid to appropriate.! And dissolved chlorine natural graphite Purification Through Chlorination in Fluidized Bed Reactor reaction the best to! To rinse specimens after testing with acid + 2 H C l x 2 + 2... Called hydrogen chloride ( by IUPAC naming ) today life is that in electrochemical series copper is placed the. To rinse specimens after testing with acid and a salt are the products that in series. With CaCO3, then excess HCl titrated with NaOH rinse specimens after testing with acid serve them abroad!

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